内科

目的探讨布地奈德联合细菌溶解产物胶囊治疗对反复呼吸道感染患儿免疫功能、炎症反应和气道重塑的影响。方法选取83例反复呼吸道感染患儿为研究对象，随机将其分为对照组（41例）和观察组（42例）。对照组患儿行雾化吸入布地奈德，观察组患儿在对照组的治疗基础上行细菌溶解产物胶囊治疗，两组患儿均治疗3个月。比较两组患儿治疗前后的免疫功能、血清炎症因子水平、气道重塑指标，以及治疗期间的不良反应发生率。结果治疗前，两组患儿的血清免疫球蛋白（Ig）A、IgG、IgE水平差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）；治疗3个月后，观察组患儿的血清IgA、IgG水平均高于对照组，血清IgE水平低于对照组（均P＜0.05）。治疗前，两组患儿的血清白细胞介素（IL）-6、IL-10、IL-12、γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）水平差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）；治疗3个月后，观察组患儿的血清IL-6、IL-10水平均低于对照组，血清IL-12、IFN-γ水平均高于对照组（均P＜0.05）。治疗前，两组患儿的气道管腔面积、气道管壁面积、气道总面积差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）；治疗3个月后，观察组患儿的气道管腔面积、气道管壁面积、气道总面积均大于对照组（均P＜0.05）。治疗期间，两组患儿的不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论布地奈德联合细菌溶解产物胶囊治疗反复呼吸道感染患儿，能够增强患儿免疫功能，改善机体炎症反应和气道重塑，安全性高。

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of budesonide combined with bacterial lysate capsules therapy on immune function, inflammatory response, and airway remodeling in children with recurrent respiratory tract infection. MethodsA total of 83 children with recurrent respiratory tract infection were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into a control group (41 cases) or an observation group (42 cases). The control group underwent atomizing inhalation of budesonide, based on which the observation group received bacterial lysate capsules therapy additionally, and both groups were treated for 3 months. The immune function, serum inflammatory factors levels and airway remodeling indexes before and after treatment, as well as the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment were compared between the two groups. ResultsBefore treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in serum immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgG or IgE level between the two groups (all P＞0.05), and after 3 months of treatment, the serum IgA and IgG levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the serum IgE level was lower than that in the control group (all P＜0.05). Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in serum interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-12, or γ-interferon (IFN-γ) level between the two groups (all P＞0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the serum IL-12 and IFN-γ levels were higher than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in airway lumen area, airway wall area or total airway area between the two groups (all P＞0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the airway lumen area, airway wall area and total airway area in the observation group were larger than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). During treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionBudesonide combined with bacterial lysate capsules in the treatment of children with recurrent respiratory tract infection can enhance their immune function, improve body inflammatory response and airway remodeling, with high safety.