ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Yiqi Ganlu granules combined with intensive insulin therapy on the intestinal flora in patients with refractory type 2 diabetes mellitus. MethodsA total of 60 patients with refractory type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected and randomly divided into a treatment group or a control group, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with intensive insulin therapy, while the treatment group was treated with Yiqi Ganlu granules combined with intensive insulin therapy, and both groups were treated for 8 weeks. The clinical efficacy, as well as the inflammatory factors, lipid metabolism, blood glucose, and intestinal flora levels before and after the treatment were compared between the two groups. ResultsAfter 8 weeks of the treatment, the total effective rate for the clinical treatment of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group (96.67% vs. 73.33%) (P＜0.05). The serum hypersensitivity C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, endothelin, and homocysteine levels decreased in both groups, and the abovementioned indexes in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). The plasma fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels decreased, while the serum fasting C-peptide (FCP) level increased in both groups; the treatment group had lower plasma FBG, 2hPBG, and HbA1c levels and higher serum FCP level, as compared with the control group (all P＜0.05). The serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triacylglycerol (TAG) levels decreased, while the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level increased in both groups; the treatment group had lower serum LDL-C, TC, and TAG levels and higher serum HDL-C, as compared with the control group (all P＜0.05). The intestinal Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Lactobacillus levels in both groups increased, and the abovementioned flora levels in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). The intestinal Enterobacteria, Enterococcus and Saccharomyces levels in both groups decreased, and the abovementioned flora levels in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). ConclusionYiqi Ganlu granules combined with intensive insulin therapy can improve the therapeutic effect in the treatment of refractory type 2 diabetes mellitus, reduce inflammatory reaction, and improve lipid metabolism and intestinal flora.

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