ObjectiveTo understand the occupational exposure situation and risk of sharp instrument injuries among medical personnel, and to provide a basis for the formulation of effective protective measures. MethodsBased on the occupational exposure data of sharp instrument injuries of medical personnel registered at the Department of Infection Management of a Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi from January 2016 to December 2020, the information on the gender, occupation, work seniority and department distribution of medical personnel with occupational exposure to sharp instrument injuries, the medical devices and operation steps leading to occupational exposure, blood borne pathogen infection of patients and active immunity of occupational exposure medical personnel were analyzed statistically. ResultsA total of 187 cases of medical personnel with occupational exposure to sharp instrument injuries were reported in the hospital as above from 2016 to 2020, among which 92.51% were female, 44.39% were nurses, and 67.91% had worked for less than 5 years. The medical personnel with occupational exposure were mainly distributed in department of obstetrics (27.81%), outpatient and emergency (23.53%) and neonatology (13.37%). The main medical devices that led to occupational exposure were syringe needles (33.69%), scalp acupuncture (26.20%) and suture needles (12.83%). The main steps leading to occupational exposure were injection or blood collection, medical waste treatment, surgical incision and suture etc., accounting for 30.48%, 28.88% and 14.97%, respectively. The occupational exposure sources were mainly hepatitis B virus (44.39%) and treponema pallidum virus (22.46%). The main protective measure for medical personnel exposed to sharp instrument injuries was active immunization, such as hepatitis B vaccination, among which the highest rate of vaccination was 90.91% for medical technicians, and the lowest was 22.58% for cleaners. There were statistically significant differences in hepatitis B vaccine coverage rate and vaccine time between different categories of medical staff (P＜0.05). ConclusionMedical personnel are the high-risk groups for occupational exposure to sharp instrument injuries. In order to further reduce the occupational exposure risk of sharp instrument injury, it is necessary to strengthen the pre-job and in-job occupational safety training, improve the awareness of occupational exposure protection, standardize the medical operation and establish a perfect scientific occupational safety prevention and control system.

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