Objective To explore the impacts of a nursing pattern based on Swanson's Theory of Caring on coping styles and self-perceived burden in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods A total of 120 MHD patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University from February 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects (after excluding 3 patients who underwent kidney transplantation, 5 who died, 8 who transferred to other hospitals, and 3 who submitted invalid questionnaires, 101 patients were finally included in the study). All patients received nursing interventions based on Swanson's Theory of Caring for 6 months. The scores of the medical coping modes questionnaire (MCMQ) and self-perceived burden scale (SPBS) were compared before intervention and 6 months after intervention, and the incidence of venous catheter- and arteriovenous fistula-associated complications during the intervention period was recorded. Results After 6 months of intervention, MHD patients had higher scores in the MCMQ confrontation dimension, but lower scores in resignation and avoidance dimensions (all P<0.05); and they had lower scores in all SPBS dimensions (physical, emotional, and economic burden) and decreased total SPBS score compared to those before intervention (all P<0.05). Among the MHD patients, 12 cases of venous catheter-associated complications and 6 cases of arteriovenous fistula-associated complications occurred during the intervention period, yielding a total incidence of complications of 17.82% (18/101). Conclusion The nursing pattern based on Swanson's Theory of Caring can effectively improve the coping styles of MHD patients and reduce their self-perceived burden. 

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