Objective To investigate risk factors and intervention strategies for complex ventricular arrhythmia (CVA) in patients with heart failure (HF). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 96 HF patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2021 to December 2023, among which 42 patients complicated with CVA were classified into the CVA group and 54 patients without the complication of CVA into the non-CVA group. Basic data from many aspects were collected in the two groups, including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and hypokalemia), smoking history, drinking history, left ventricular ejection fraction, New York Heart Association cardiac function classification, and medication (β-blockers, spironolactone, digoxin). The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze influencing factors for the complication of CVA in HF patients. Results Univariate analysis showed that the proportions of patients with a BMI of ≥24 kg/m2, hypertension, drinking history, and hypokalemia and those using β-blockers in the CVA group were higher than those in the non-CVA group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a BMI of ≥ 24 kg/m2, comorbidities like hypertension and hypokalemia, drinking history, and the use of β-blockers were risk factors for CVA in HF patients (all P<0.05 and OR>1). Conclusion A BMI of ≥24 kg/m2, comorbidities like hypertension and hypokalemia, drinking history, and the use of β-blockers are the risk factors for CVA in patients with HF. High-risk groups should be identified early and given targeted interventions.

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