内科

目的探讨我国家庭病床领域的研究现状与热点演变。方法检索中国知网、万方数据和维普资讯三大中文数据库2010年1月1日至2024年3月31日发表的相关文献，应用CiteSpace 6.3.R1软件从发文量、发文机构、作者、关键词4个方面进行可视化分析。结果本研究共纳入477篇文献。2010～2023年期间（2024年因数据收录不全未分析），家庭病床领域年均发文量为34篇，年发文量总体呈波动下降趋势。该领域发文机构中来自上海市的机构占比达到60%，作者中以潘毅慧和刘登的发文量最高（各15篇），发文机构及作者合作网络分散化，核心研究力量集中于上海市各社区卫生服务中心。关键词共现与聚类分析显示，研究热点主要集中在脑卒中、高血压等慢性病患者及失能老人的康复护理；关键词时间演化分析显示，2010～2023年脑卒中始终受到较多关注，近年来智慧医疗、农村地区等新兴主题逐渐受到关注。结论我国家庭病床领域的研究尚处于探索阶段，存在区域发展不均衡、核心作者群缺失及研究对象局限、方法单一、内容窄化等问题。未来可加强跨地区的合作交流，深化质性研究与循证实践，充分结合新兴技术，拓展研究人群及内容，以促进我国家庭病床领域研究的多元化发展和家庭病床服务体系的全域覆盖。

Objective To explore the research status and hotspots evolution in the field of home sick-bed in China. Methods Relevant literatures published from January 1st, 2010, to March 31st, 2024, were retrieved in three Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP Information). CiteSpace 6.3.R1 software was used for visual analysis from four aspects: publication quantity, publication institutions, authors, and keywords. Results A total of 477 literatures were included in this study. During 2010-2023 (data for 2024 was not analyzed due to incomplete collection), the average annual publication quantity was 34 articles in the field of home sick-bed, showing an overall fluctuating downward trend of the annual publication quantity. Among the publication institutions in this field, those from Shanghai accounted for 60%. Pan Yihui and Liu Deng had the largest publication quantity (15 articles each). The collaboration networks of institutions and authors were decentralized, while the core research forces concentrated in community health service centers in Shanghai. Keyword co-occurrence and clustering analyses showed that research hotspots mainly focused on rehabilitation nursing for patients with chronic disease, such as stroke and hypertension, and disabled elderly. Keyword time evolution analysis showed that stroke had always received significant attention during 2010-2023, and emerging themes such as smart healthcare and rural areas had gradually attracted attention in recent years. Conclusion The research on home sick-bed in China is still in the exploratory stage, with existing problems such as unbalanced regional development, lack of core author groups, limited research objects, monotonous methodology, and narrow content. In the future, enhancing cross-regional collaboration, advancing qualitative research and evidence-based practice, integrating emerging technologies, and expanding research participant groups and scopes are critical to promoting diversified development in home hospital bed research and achieving full coverage of its service systems in China.