Objective To investigate the risk factors for contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) after coronary angiography (CAG)/percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and to construct a nomogram prediction model. Methods Thirty-six patients who developed CIE after CAG/PCI at Hezhou People's Hospital and Hezhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to May 2024 were selected as the CIE group; and using propensity score matching method (1∶3), 108 patients who did not develop CIE after the same surgery during the same period were matched as the non-CIE group. Clinical data of both groups were retrospectively analyzed; independent risk factors were screened through univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis, based on which a nomogram prediction model was constructed, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive performance of the model. Results Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences between the two groups in age, sex, history of hypertension, history of acute cerebral infarction, and contrast dose (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male (OR=4.801, 95% CI: 1.160-19.861), history of acute cerebral infarction (OR=7.696, 95% CI: 1.300-45.572), and high contrast dose (OR=1.461, 95% CI: 1.252-1.704) were independent risk factors for CIE after CAG/PCI (all P<0.05). The nomogram model constructed based on the above independent risk factors had an area under the ROC curve of 0.888 (95% CI: 0.812-0.963) for predicting CIE after CAG/PCI, with a sensitivity of 84.2%, a specificity of 75.0%, and a maximum Youden index of 0.592. Conclusion Male, history of acute cerebral infarction, and high contrast dose are independent risk factors for CIE after CAG/PCI. The nomogram model constructed in this study demonstrates good discriminative ability and holds reference value for the early clinical identification of high-risk patients.

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