内科

目的调查正常高值血压人群的高血压相关健康行为依从性现状，分析其影响因素，为制定针对性护理干预对策提供依据。方法采用方便抽样法，选取131例正常高值血压人群作为研究对象。应用自制一般资料问卷、高血压相关健康行为依从性量表进行问卷调查。采用多元线性回归分析探究正常高值血压人群高血压相关健康行为依从性的影响因素。结果回收有效问卷118份，正常高值血压人群的高血压相关健康行为依从性量表总分为（34.72±6.25）分，日常行为管理能力、烟酒嗜好管理能力维度得分分别为（29.30±5.36）分、（5.42±1.96）分。条目分析显示，心理调适行为（如压力调节）依从性最佳，而结构性管理行为（如定期监测血压、设定明确护理目标）依从性最差。多元线性回归分析结果显示，性别和学历是正常高值血压人群高血压相关健康行为依从性的独立影响因素（均P<0.05），其中女性及高学历者高血压相关健康行为依从性更优。结论正常高值血压人群高血压相关健康行为依从性处于中等水平，存在“心理意愿强、执行管理弱”的结构性矛盾，并受性别、学历等因素影响。建议未来的护理干预应重点关注血压监测、目标设定等薄弱环节，并为男性、低学历人群提供更具针对性、技能导向的健康管理支持，以提升其自我管理效能，延缓高血压进展。

Objective To investigate the adherence status of hypertension-related health behaviors in people with high-normal blood pressure and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide a basis for formulating targeted nursing intervention strategies. Methods A total of 131 individuals with high-normal blood pressure were selected as research subjects by convenience sampling. A self-designed general information questionnaire and the Hypertension-Related Health Behavior Adherence Scale were used for investigation. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of hypertension-related health behavior adherence in people with high-normal blood pressure. Results A total of 118 valid questionnaires were collected. The total score of the Hypertension-Related Health Behavior Adherence Scale in people with high-normal blood pressure was (34.72±6.25), and the dimensional scores of daily behavior management ability and tobacco/alcohol preference management ability were (29.30±5.36) and (5.42±1.96), respectively. Item analysis showed that adherence to psychological adjustment behaviors (such as stress regulation) was the best, while adherence to structural management behaviors (such as regular blood pressure monitoring and setting clear nursing goals) was the poorest. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender and education level were independent influencing factors for hypertension-related health behavior adherence in people with high-normal blood pressure(all P<0.05), with females and those with higher education level showing better adherence to hypertension-related health behaviors. Conclusion The adherence to hypertension-related health behaviors in people with high-normal blood pressure is at a moderate level, with a structural contradiction of "strong psychological willingness but weak implementation management", and is affected by factors like gender and education level. Future nursing interventions should focus on weak links such as blood pressure monitoring and goal setting, and provide more targeted and skill-oriented health management support for males and those with a low education level to improve their self-management efficacy and delay the progression of hypertension.